Ku-electronics, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nomklamo ophumelelayo kubalulekile. Abanikeli ababili ababalulekile kulo mkhakha ukuguqulwa kwekhodi ye-pulse (PCM) kanye namabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe (PCB). I-PCM ne-PCB zisetshenziswa kabanzi kumishini kagesi ehlukahlukene, futhi ngayinye inezinzuzo nezici zayo. Kule bhulogi, sizohlukanisa umehluko namandla wama-PCM nama-PCB ukuze sinqume ukuthi iyiphi inketho engcono ngezidingo zakho.
PCM (Pulse Code Modulation):
I-Pulse Code Modulation iyindlela yedijithali yokumela amasignali e-analog. Iguqula amasiginali e-analog abe yidijithali futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zomsindo ezifana nokuqoshwa nokukhiqizwa komculo. I-PCM ngezikhathi ezithile ithwebula i-amplitude yesampula ngayinye yesiginali ye-analogi futhi iyimele ngokwedijithali. Le nqubo yesampula ikhiqiza kabusha ngokunembile isignali ye-analogi yangempela. I-PCM inikeza ukucaciseleka okuhle kakhulu komsindo futhi yaziwa ngokwethembeka kwayo okuphezulu, okuyenza ilungele ukuklama amasistimu omsindo nezinto zokusebenza ezidinga ikhwalithi yomsindo engaxegi.
PCB (Printed Circuit Board):
Amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe ayisisekelo esibonakalayo semishini kagesi, ehlinzeka ngenkundla yokuxhumanisa izingxenye ezahlukahlukene. I-PCB iqukethe izindlela eziguquguqukayo eziqoshwe ku-non-conductive substrate ukuze inikeze ukuxhumana kukagesi nokusekelwa kwemishini kwezingxenye. Ama-PCB enza kube lula ukuhlelwa nokuxhumana kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukahlukene ezifana nama-resistors, ama-capacitor nama-microchips. Ukuvumelana nezimo komklamo we-PCB kuvumela ukuhlelwa kwesekethe eyinkimbinkimbi, kuyenze isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezokuxhumana, i-aerospace, kanye ne-electronics yabathengi.
Izici ezihlukanisayo:
1. Umsebenzi:
I-PCM igxile kakhulu ekucubunguleni isignali yomsindo wedijithali ukuze inikeze ukukhiqizwa komsindo kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-PCB aneqhaza ekusebenzeni okuphelele kwezinto zikagesi, enze kube lula ukuxhumana kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene futhi anikeze ukuzinza ohlelweni. Nakuba ama-PCM eyingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zomsindo, ama-PCB asetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izisetshenziswa zikagesi, kusukela kuma-smartphone kuya emishinini yezokwelapha.
2. Ubunkimbinkimbi bomklamo:
I-PCM ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ama-algorithms esofthiwe nezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokucubungula isignali. Yize idinga ubungcweti bobunjiniyela bomsindo namakhono wokuhlela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwayo, ilula uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo somzimba. Ngokuphambene, idizayini ye-PCB idinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela isakhiwo, ukubekwa kwengxenye, nokuhlaziywa kokuxhumeka kukagesi. Kudinga ulwazi lobunjiniyela bakagesi kanye nezinqubo zokuklama ezisebenzayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okufunayo.
3. Ukuhlukahluka:
I-PCM yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izinhlelo zokusebenza zomsindo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumelwa okunembile komsindo nokunciphisa ukuhlanekezela. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukulondoloza ubuqotho besignali yomsindo esizindeni sedijithali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-PCB awanqunyelwe kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza noma imboni. Ukuhlukahluka kwazo kuzivumela ukuthi zenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zanoma iyiphi idivayisi kagesi, kungaba isidlali somculo esiphathwayo noma uhlelo lokuxhumana ngesathelayithi.
Ekuphetheni:
Kokubili ama-PCM nama-PCB angabahlanganyeli ababalulekile emkhakheni wezogesi, ngayinye isebenzela injongo ehlukile. I-PCM iyinketho yokuqala yonjiniyela bomsindo nama-audiophiles ngekhwalithi yomsindo engenasici. Ama-PCB ayisisekelo lapho amasistimu e-elekthronikhi ayinkimbinkimbi akhelwe phezu kwawo, aqinisekisa ukuxhumana okufanele nokuzinza. Nakuba ama-PCM kanye nama-PCB ehluka ekusebenzeni nasekuklanyweni, avame ukusetshenziswa ndawonye emishinini kagesi, ehlanganisa amandla awo ahlukile.
Ekugcineni, yehlela ezidingweni ezithile zephrojekthi yakho noma okokusebenza. Ukuqonda umehluko nezici zama-PCM nama-PCB kuzokuvumela ukuthi wenze isinqumo esinolwazi ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho. Ngakho-ke noma wakha isistimu ye-hi-fi noma udala okokusebenza kukagesi okusebenzayo, ama-PCM nama-PCB angamathuluzi abalulekile okuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-03-2023