Emhlabeni obanzi we-electronics, isifinyezo se-PCB sivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ebhodini lesifunda eliphrintiwe. Nokho, kulabo abangajwayelene nobunkimbinkimbi balobu buchwepheshe obubucayi, amagama angadida futhi avame ukuphakamisa imibuzo njengokuthi “isho ukuthini i-PCB?” Uma uzithola ufisa ukwazi ngama-PCB futhi ufuna ukuqonda okucacile kwezisekelo zawo, usendaweni efanele. Le bhulogi ihlose ukukunikeza incazelo eqondakala kalula mayelana nama-PCB, ukubaluleka kwawo kanye nokusebenza kwawo emhlabeni wanamuhla wezobuchwepheshe.
Chaza i-PCB
Amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe (ama-PCB) ayizingxenye ezibalulekile kumishini kagesi yesimanje. Aqukethe amashidi ayisicaba ezinto ezingahlangani njenge-fiberglass esebenza njengesisekelo sokukhweza izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezihlukahlukene. Lezi zingxenye zixhunywe inethiwekhi yamathrekhi ethusi, abizwa ngokuthi ama-traces, aqoshwe ebusweni bebhodi.
1. Isakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi
Inhloso enkulu ye-PCB ukuhlinzeka ngosekelo lwemishini kanye nokuxhumana kukagesi phakathi kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi. Inesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okunembile nokuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amasekethe ahlanganisiwe (ama-IC), ama-resistors, ama-transistors, ama-capacitor, nokuningi. Amaphethini okulandela umkhondo kumabhodi esekethe asiza ukwenza ukuhamba kukagesi kube lula ukuze izinto zikagesi zisebenze kahle.
2. Izinzuzo PCB
Ukuhlanganisa ama-PCB ezintweni zikagesi kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa. Okokuqala, idizayini yabo ehlangene inika amandla i-miniaturization, ikhulisa isikhala ngaphakathi kwemishini kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa i-PCB kunciphisa amathuba amaphutha ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, njengoba izingxenye zibekwe ngendlela ehlelekile ebhodini, okwenza kube lula inqubo yokukhiqiza. Ama-PCB aphinde anikeze ukuqina okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokufaka izintambo. Izingxenye ezidayisiwe ziqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuphephile futhi zinciphisa ingozi yezintambo ezixekethile noma ukuxhumana okungalungile.
3. Izinhlobo zama-PCB
Ama-PCB angahluka ngobunkimbinkimbi, idizayini, kanye nenani lezendlalelo ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zama-PCB zifaka ungqimba olulodwa, ungqimba oluphindwe kabili, nama-PCB anezingqimba eziningi. I-PCB yongqimba olulodwa inongqimba olulodwa lwethusi ohlangothini olulodwa, kuyilapho i-PCB enezingqimba ezimbili inemikhondo yethusi nhlangothi zombili. Ama-PCB anezingqimba eziningi ahlanganisa izendlalelo ezinqwabelene futhi zixhunywe ngezimbobo ezibhoboziwe ezibizwa ngokuthi i-vias, okuvumela inani elikhulu lezingxenye ukuthi zihlanganiswe futhi zithuthukiswe ukusebenza.
4. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-PCB ibandakanya izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Ekuqaleni, ubukhulu bebhodi kanye nokuhlelwa kwezingxenye kwakhiwa kusetshenziswa isofthiwe ye-computer-aid design (CAD). Uma umklamo usuqediwe, udluliselwa ebhodini lesifunda ngefilimu ye-photosensitive noma imaski yokuzivikela. Izindawo zethusi eziveziwe zibe seziqoshwa kusetshenziswa isixazululo samakhemikhali, kushiye imikhondo efunwayo. Ekugcineni, izingxenye zifakwe ebhodini futhi zithengiswa, ziqedela inqubo yokuhlanganisa.
Ekuphetheni
Kafushane, amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe (ama-PCB) adlala indima ebalulekile ku-elekthronikhi, ehlinzeka ngoxhumo oludingekayo lukagesi kanye nokwesekwa kwemishini kumadivayisi amaningi. Ukuqonda izinto eziyisisekelo zama-PCB, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwawo, umsebenzi, izinzuzo, nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, kubalulekile ukuze siqonde izinto zikagesi eziyinkimbinkimbi esibhekana nazo nsuku zonke. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ama-PCB ngokungangabazeki azohlala eyinsika yokuqanjwa kabusha, ethuthuka ukuze ahlangabezane nezinselele nezidingo ezintsha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-26-2023