Okwe-amateurUkukhiqizwa kwe-PCB, ukuphrinta kokudlulisa okushisayo nokuchayeka kwe-UV izindlela ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa.
Izinto ezidinga ukusetshenziswa endleleni yokudlulisa ukushisa yilezi: i-copper clad laminate, iphrinta ye-laser (kufanele kube iphrinta ye-laser, iphrinta ye-inkjet, iphrinta ye-dot matrix namanye amaphrinta awavunyelwe), iphepha lokudlulisa elishisayo (lingashintshwa iphepha elisekelayo ngemuva kwesitikha), kodwa iphepha elivamile le-A4 alinakusetshenziswa), umshini wokudlulisa oshisayo (ungashintshwa insimbi kagesi, isilayisi sesithombe), ipeni lomaka elisuselwa kuwoyela (kufanele kube ipeni lomaka elisuselwa kuwoyela, uyinki wawo awunamanzi, namapeni kayinki asekelwe emanzini awavunyelwe) , Amakhemikhali abolayo (ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-ferric chloride noma i-ammonium persulfate), ukubhola kwebhentshi, i-sandpaper yamanzi (okungcono kakhulu).
Indlela yokusebenza eqondile imi kanje:
Gcoba i-copper-clad ebusweni bebhodi eligqoke ithusi nge-sandpaper yamanzi, bese ugaya ungqimba lwe-oxide, bese uhlanza impushana yethusi ekhiqizwa ukugaya ngamanzi, bese uyomisa.
Sebenzisa iphrinta ye-laser ukuze uphrinte isithombe sesibuko esingakwesokunxele nesokudla sefayela le-PCB elidwetshiwe ohlangothini olubushelelezi lwephepha lokudlulisa elishisayo, futhi izintambo zimnyama kanti ezinye izingxenye azinalutho.
Beka iphepha lokudlulisa elishisayo endaweni ye-copper clad yebhodi le-copper clad (uhlangothi lokunyathelisa lubheke ohlangothini lwe-copper clad, ukuze ibhodi le-copper clad limboze ngokuphelele indawo yokunyathelisa), futhi ulungise iphepha lokudlulisa elishisayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iphepha liyakwenza. hhayi ukunyakaza okuzokwenzeka.
Umshini wokudlulisa oshisayo uvuliwe futhi ushiswe ngaphambilini.Ngemuva kokuthi ukufudumala kuqediwe, faka i-laminate ene-copper-clad ehlanganiswe nephepha lokudlulisa elishisayo ku-roller yenjoloba yomshini wokudlulisa ukushisa, bese uphinda ukudluliselwa izikhathi ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-10 (kuye ngokuthi ukusebenza komshini, ukudlulisa okunye okushisayo Okunye imishini ingasetshenziswa ngemva kokudlula oku-1, kanti eminye idinga amaphasi ayi-10).Uma usebenzisa insimbi kagesi ukuze udlulise, sicela ulungise insimbi kagesi ukuze izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu, futhi ngokuphindaphindiwe i-ayina ibhodi eligqoke ithusi lapho kugxilwe khona iphepha lokudlulisa elishisayo, bese uyi-ayina ngokulinganayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izingxenye zizocindezelwa insimbi.I-copper clad laminate ishisa kakhulu futhi ayikwazi ukuthintwa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuphela.
Lindela i-copper clad laminate ukuze iphole ngokwemvelo, futhi lapho ipholisa kuze kube yilapho ingasashisi khona, khipha ngokucophelela iphepha lokudlulisa elishisayo.Qaphela ukuthi kufanele ulinde ukupholisa okuphelele ngaphambi kokudabula, ngaphandle kwalokho ifilimu yepulasitiki ephepheni lokudlulisa elishisayo ingase inamathele ebhodini eligqoke ithusi, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokukhiqiza.
Hlola ukuthi ukudlulisa kuphumelele yini.Uma eminye imikhondo ingaphelele, ungasebenzisa umaka osuselwa kuwoyela ukuze uyiqedele.Ngalesi sikhathi, amamaki ashiywe yipeni lomaka elisekelwe ngamafutha ebhodini eligqoke ithusi azohlala ngemva kokugqwala.Uma ufuna ukwenza isignesha ebhalwe ngesandla ebhodini lesifunda, ungabhala ngokuqondile ebhodini eligqoke ithusi elinomaka osekelwe ku-oyela ngalesi sikhathi.Ngalesi sikhathi, imbobo encane ingashaywa onqenqemeni lwe-PCB futhi intambo ingaboshwa ukuze kube lula ukugqwala esinyathelweni esilandelayo.
Faka inani elifanele lomuthi obolayo (thatha i-ferric chloride njengesibonelo) esitsheni sepulasitiki, bese uthela amanzi ashisayo ukuze uhlakaze umuthi (ungafaki amanzi amaningi, angancibilika ngokuphelele, amanzi amaningi azonciphisa ukugxila) , bese udlulisela kokuthi Gcoba i-laminate ye-copper ephrintiwe esixukwini samakhemikhali agqwalayo, uhlangothi oluboshwe ngethusi lubheke phezulu, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isixazululo esonakalisayo sicwiliswa ngokuphelele ku-laminate yengubo yethusi, bese uqhubeka nokunyakazisa isitsha esinesixazululo esigqwalayo. , noma anyakazise i-laminate egqoke ithusi.Hhayi-ke, iphampu yomshini wokugqwala izonyakazisa uketshezi lokugqwala.Ngesikhathi senqubo yokugqwala, sicela uhlale unake izinguquko ze-laminate ye-copper clad.Uma ifilimu yekhabhoni edlulisiwe noma uyinki obhalwe ipeni lomaka uwa, sicela umise ukugqwala ngokushesha bese ukhipha i-laminate enengubo yethusi bese uyihlanza, bese ugcwalisa umugqa owile ngepeni lomaka elinamafutha futhi.Ukugqwala.Ngemuva kokuthi yonke ithusi eveziwe ebhodini le-copper clad igqwalile, susa ibhodi le-copper clad ngokushesha, ligeze ngamanzi ampompi, bese usebenzisa i-sandpaper yamanzi ukuze usule i-toner yokuphrinta ebhodini le-copper ngenkathi uhlanza.
Ngemuva kokoma, bhoboza imbobo ngokubhoboza ibhentshi futhi isilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Ukwenza i-PCB ngokuchayeka kwe-UV, udinga ukusebenzisa lezi zisetshenziswa:
Iphrinta ye-inkjet noma iphrinta ye-laser (ezinye izinhlobo zamaphrinta azikwazi ukusetshenziswa), i-copper clad laminate, ifilimu ethatha izithombe noma uwoyela we-photosensitive (atholakala ku-inthanethi), ifilimu yokuphrinta noma iphepha le-sulfuric acid (ifilimu inconywa kumaphrinta we-laser), ipuleti lengilazi noma ipuleti le-plexiglass ( Indawo kufanele ibe nkulu kunebhodi lesifunda okufanele lenziwe), isibani se-ultraviolet (ungasebenzisa amashubhu alambu e-ultraviolet ukuze kubulawe amagciwane, noma amalambu e-ultraviolet asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokucwala izinzipho), i-sodium hydroxide (ebizwa nangokuthi “i-caustic soda”, engathengwa izitolo zamakhemikhali), i-carbonic acid Sodium (ebuye ibizwe ngokuthi “i-soda ash”, i-alkali kafulawa odliwayo i-crystallization ye-sodium carbonate, engathathelwa indawo ufulawa we-alkali odliwayo, noma i-sodium carbonate esetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali), amagilavu okuvikela enjoloba (kunconyiwe) , ipeni lomaka elinamafutha, umuthi wokugqwala, umshini wokubhola ibhentshi, I-sandpaper yamanzi.
Okokuqala, sebenzisa iphrinta ukuze uphrinte umdwebo we-PCB efilimini noma ephepheni le-sulfuric acid ukuze wenze "ifilimu engalungile".Qaphela ukuthi izithombe zesibuko kwesokunxele nesokudla ziyadingeka lapho uphrinta, futhi umhlophe uhlehlisiwe (okungukuthi, i-wiring iphrintiwe ngomhlophe, futhi indawo lapho i-foil yethusi ingadingeki imnyama).
Gcoba i-copper-clad ebusweni bebhodi eligqoke ithusi nge-sandpaper yamanzi, bese ugaya ungqimba lwe-oxide, bese uhlanza impushana yethusi ekhiqizwa ukugaya ngamanzi, bese uyomisa.
Uma kusetshenziswa uwoyela we-photosensitive, sebenzisa ibhulashi elincane ukuze upende ngokulinganayo amafutha azwelayo endaweni ye-copper clad laminate futhi uyeke yome.Uma usebenzisa ifilimu ezwelayo, namathisela ifilimu yezithombe ebusweni bebhodi eligqoke ithusi ngalesi sikhathi.Kukhona ifilimu yokuvikela ezinhlangothini zombili zefilimu yezithombe.Okokuqala klebhula ifilimu yokuvikela ohlangothini olulodwa bese ulinamathisela ebhodini le-copper clad.Ungawashiyi amabhamuza omoya.Olunye ungqimba lwefilimu evikelayo Ungajahi ukuyidabula.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ifilimu ezwela izithombe noma amafutha azwelayo, sicela usebenze egumbini elimnyama.Uma lingekho igumbi elimnyama, ungavala amakhethini bese ukhanyisa amandla amancane ukuze usebenze.I-laminate ehlanganisiwe yethusi kufanele futhi igcinwe kude nokukhanya.
Faka "ifilimu engalungile" ku-laminate egqoke ithusi eye yathola ukwelashwa okuzwela ukukhanya, cindezela ipuleti lengilazi, bese ulenga isibani se-ultraviolet ngaphezulu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izindawo zingathola imisebe ye-ultraviolet efanayo.Ngemva kokuyibeka, vula isibani se-ultraviolet.Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet iyingozi kubantu.Ungabheki ngokuqondile ukukhanya okukhishwa isibani se-ultraviolet ngamehlo akho, futhi uzame ukugwema ukuchayeka esikhumbeni.Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lekhadibhodi ukwenza ibhokisi elikhanyayo lokuchayeka.Uma uvela egumbini, sicela uphume egumbini ngemva kokukhanyisa.Ubude benqubo yokuchayeka buhlobene nezici eziningi ezifana namandla esibani kanye nempahla "yefilimu engalungile".Ngokuvamile, kuthatha imizuzu engu-1 kuye kwengama-20.Ungakwazi ukucisha isibani njalo ukuze sihlolwe.Uma kukhona umehluko wombala osobala kakhulu kufilimu ye-photosensitive (lapho ivezwa khona ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet) Umbala uba mnyama, futhi umbala kwezinye izindawo uhlala ungashintshiwe), khona-ke ukuvezwa kungamiswa.Ngemuva kokuthi ukuchayeka kumisiwe, kusadingeka ukukugcina ebumnyameni kuze kube yilapho umsebenzi wokuthuthukiswa usuqediwe.
Lungiselela i-concentration engu-2% yesisombululo se-sodium carbonate, cwilisa i-laminate ye-copper clad eveziwe esixazululo, ulinde isikhashana (cishe umzuzu ongu-1), futhi ungabona ukuthi ifilimu e-photosensitive engxenyeni enombala okhanyayo engakavezwa iqala. ukuba mhlophe futhi avuvuke.Alukho ushintsho olubalulekile ezindaweni ezidaluliwe ezimnyama.Ngalesi sikhathi, ungasebenzisa i-swab yekotini ukuze usule ngobumnene izingxenye ezingabonakali.Ukuthuthukisa kuyinqubo ebaluleke kakhulu, okulingana nesinyathelo sokudlulisa okushisayo sokwenza i-PCB ngendlela yokudlulisa okushisayo.Uma indawo engaveziwe ingagezwanga ngokuphelele (engathuthukisiwe ngokugcwele), izodala ukugqwala kuleyo ndawo;futhi uma izindawo eziveziwe zigezwa, i-PCB ekhiqiziwe izobe ingaphelele.
Ngemuva kokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kuphelile, ungashiya igumbi elimnyama ngalesi sikhathi futhi uqhubeke ngaphansi kokukhanya okuvamile.Hlola ukuthi izintambo zengxenye eveziwe ziqedile yini.Uma ingaphelele, ingaqedelwa ngepeni lomaka elisuselwa kuwoyela, njengendlela yokudlulisa ukushisa.
Okulandelayo yi-etching, lesi sinyathelo sifana ncamashi ne-etching endleleni yokudlulisa okushisayo, sicela ubheke ngenhla.
Ngemuva kokuqeda ukugqwala, ukudilizwa kwenziwa.Lungiselela isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide esingu-2%, cwilisa i-laminate ye-copper clad kuyo, ulinde isikhashana, izinto ezithatha izithombe ezisele ku-laminate ye-copper clad zizowa ngokuzenzakalelayo.Isexwayiso: I-sodium hydroxide iyi-alkali enamandla futhi igqwala kakhulu.Sicela uqaphele lapho uyiphatha.Kunconywa ukugqoka amagilavu okuzivikela kanye nezibuko.Uma isithinte isikhumba, sicela uyihlanze ngamanzi ngokushesha.I-sodium hydroxide eqinile kufanele ibe nezindawo eziqinile ze-hygroscopic, futhi izobola ngokushesha uma ivulelwe emoyeni, sicela uyigcine ingangenisi.Isixazululo se-sodium hydroxide singasabela nge-carbon dioxide emoyeni ukuze senze i-sodium carbonate, okuzoholela ekuhlulekeni, sicela usilungiselele manje.
Ngemva kokudiliza, geza i-sodium hydroxide esele ku-PCB ngamanzi, uyeke yome bese ubhoboza izimbobo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-15-2023