Chii chinoratidzika uye kuumbwa kwebhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa?

Composition

Theikozvino redunhu bhodhiinonyanya kuumbwa nezvinotevera
Mutsetse uye pateni (Pattern): Mutsara unoshandiswa sechombo chekuitisa pakati pekutanga.Muchigadziro, nzvimbo huru yemhangura ichagadzirwa seyakadzika pasi uye magetsi ekupa.Mitsetse uye mifananidzo inoitwa panguva imwe chete.
Dielectric layer: inoshandiswa kuchengetedza kusungirira pakati pemitsetse uye zvidimbu, zvinowanzozivikanwa se substrate.
Kuburikidza nemakomba / vias: Kuburikidza nemakomba anogona kuita anopfuura maviri akaturikidzana ematunhu kuitisa pamwe chete, akakura kuburikidza nemakomba anoshandiswa sechikamu plug-ins, uye asiri-kuburikidza nemakomba (nPTH) anowanzo shandiswa sepamhepo mounts Pakuisa, iri. anoshandiswa kugadzira screws panguva yekuungana.Solder resistant / Solder Mask: Haasi ese emhangura anofanirwa kudya marata, saka nzvimbo dzisiri dzemarata dzichadhindwa nerunyoro rwezvinhu (kazhinji epoxy resin) inoparadzanisa uso hwemhangura kubva pakudya tini. .Short circuit pakati pemitsetse isingadyi tin.Zvinoenderana nemaitiro akasiyana, yakakamurwa kuita girinhi mafuta, tsvuku mafuta uye bhuruu mafuta.
Silk screen (Legend/Maka/Sirika skrini): Ichi chinhu chisina kukosha.Basa guru nderekumaka zita uye chinzvimbo chechikamu chega chega pabhodhi redunhu, iyo iri nyore kugadzirisa uye kuzivikanwa mushure megungano.
Surface Finish: Sezvo iyo mhangura yemhangura iri nyore oxidized munzvimbo yakajairika, haigone kusungirirwa (yakashata solderability), saka ichachengetedzwa pamusoro pemhangura inoda kudya tini.Nzira dzekudzivirira dzinosanganisira spray tin (HASL), kemikari goridhe (ENIG), sirivheri (Immersion Silver), tin (Immersion Tin), organic solder protection agent (OSP), imwe neimwe nzira ine zvakanakira uye zvayakaipira, pamwe chete inonzi pamusoro pekurapa.

Kunze

Bhodhi rakashama (risina zvikamu pairi) rinowanzo kunzi "Printed Wiring Board (PWB)".Iyo base plate yebhodhi pachayo inogadzirwa ne insulating zvinhu zvisingagone kubhenda.Iyo yakatetepa yedunhu zvinhu inogona kuvonekwa pamusoro ndeyemhangura foil.Pakutanga, foil yemhangura yakavhara bhodhi rose, asi chikamu chayo chakavharidzirwa panguva yekugadzira, uye chikamu chakasara chakava mesh-yakafanana nedunhu rakatetepa..Mitsetse iyi inodaidzwa kuti conductor mapatani kana wiring, uye inoshandiswa kupa kubatanidza magetsi kune zvikamu paPCB.
Kazhinji ruvara rwePCB rwakasvibira kana kuti bhurawuni, inova iyo ruvara rwemasolder mask.Iyo insulating inodzivirira layer, iyo inogona kuchengetedza waya yemhangura, kudzivirira pfupi pfupi inokonzerwa neave soldering, uye kuchengetedza huwandu hwekutengesa.Sirika sikirini inodhindwawo pane solder mask.Kazhinji, zvinyorwa uye zviratidzo (zvizhinji zvichena) zvinodhindwa pane izvi kuratidza nzvimbo yechikamu chimwe nechimwe pabhodhi.Sikirini yekudhinda side inonziwo legend side.
Muchigadzirwa chekupedzisira, maseketi akabatanidzwa, transistors, diodes, passive components (senge resistors, capacitors, connectors, etc.) nezvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi zvikamu zvakaiswa pairi.Kuburikidza nekubatana kwewaya, magetsi emagetsi ekubatanidza uye akakodzera mabasa anogona kuumbwa.