1. Amategeko rusange
1.1 Ibice bifata ibyuma bya digitale, bigereranya, na DAA byerekanwe mbere kuri PCB.
1.2 Ibikoresho bya digitale nibigereranirizo hamwe ninsinga zijyanye bigomba gutandukana bishoboka kandi bigashyirwa mubice byabo.
1.3 Ibimenyetso byihuta byerekana ibimenyetso bigomba kuba bigufi bishoboka.
1.4 Gumana ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso bigufi bishoboka.
1.5 Gukwirakwiza gushyira mu gaciro imbaraga nubutaka.
1.6 DGND, AGND, n'umurima biratandukanye.
1.7 Koresha insinga nini mugutanga amashanyarazi hamwe nibimenyetso bikomeye.
1.8 Umuzunguruko wa digitale ushyizwe hafi ya bus / parallel DTE, naho umuzenguruko wa DAA ushyirwa hafi yumurongo wa terefone.
2. Gushyira ibice
2.1 Muri sisitemu yumuzingi igishushanyo mbonera:
a) Kugabanya imibare, igereranya, imizunguruko ya DAA hamwe nimirongo ifitanye isano;
b) Kugabanya imibare, igereranya, ivanze na digitale / igereranya muri buri muzunguruko;
c) Witondere aho amashanyarazi atangwa hamwe na pin ya signal ya buri chip ya IC.
2.2 Mbere na mbere ugabanye agace k'insinga za sisitemu ya digitale, igereranya, na DAA kuri PCB (igipimo rusange 2/1/1), kandi ugumane ibice bya digitale na analog hamwe nibyuma bihuye kure hashoboka kandi ubigabanye kubyo bikwiye insinga.
Icyitonderwa: Iyo umuzenguruko wa DAA ufite umwanya munini, hazabaho ibimenyetso byinshi byerekana ibimenyetso / byerekana ibimenyetso byanyuze mu cyuma cyacyo, bishobora guhinduka ukurikije amabwiriza y’ibanze, nko gutandukanya ibice, guhagarika ingufu nyinshi, kugabanya imipaka, n'ibindi.
2.3 Nyuma yuko ibice bibanza birangiye, tangira gushyira ibice biva muri Connector na Jack:
a) Umwanya wa plug-in wabitswe hafi ya Connector na Jack;
b) Kureka umwanya wububasha nubutaka bukikije ibice;
c) Shyira ku ruhande umwanya wa plug-in ihuye na Sock.
2.4 Umwanya wa mbere ibice bivangavanze (nkibikoresho bya Modem, A / D, D / A chipi ihinduka, nibindi):
a) Kugena icyerekezo cyo gushyira ibice, hanyuma ugerageze gukora ibimenyetso bya digitale hamwe nibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso byerekana aho bifuza;
b) Shyira ibice aho bihurira na sisitemu na analogi yerekana inzira.
2.5 Shyira ibikoresho byose bisa:
a) Shyira ibice byumuzunguruko bisa, harimo na DAA;
b) Ibikoresho bisa bigashyirwa hafi yundi bigashyirwa kuruhande rwa PCB irimo TXA1, TXA2, RIN, VC, na ibimenyetso bya VREF;
c) Irinde gushyira ibice byurusaku rwinshi hafi ya TXA1, TXA2, RIN, VC, na VREF ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso;
d) Kuburyo bwa DTE module, DTE EIA / TIA-232-E
Kwakira / umushoferi wuruhererekane rwibimenyetso bigomba kuba byegeranye bishoboka kuri Connector kandi kure yumurongo wogukoresha amasaha menshi kugirango ugabanye / wirinde kongeramo ibikoresho byo guhagarika urusaku kuri buri murongo, nkibishishwa bya choke na capacator.
2.6 Shyira ibice bya digitale hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukuramo:
a) Ibice bya digitale bishyizwe hamwe kugirango bigabanye uburebure bwinsinga;
b) Shyira capacitor ya 0.1uF ikuramo hagati yumuriro nubutaka bwa IC, kandi ugumane insinga zihuza mugihe gito gishoboka kugirango EMI igabanuke;
c) Kuburinganire bwa bisi module, ibice byegeranye
Umuhuza ashyirwa kumurongo kugirango yubahirize porogaramu ya bisi isanzwe, nkuburebure bwumurongo wa bisi ya ISA bugarukira kuri 2.5in;
d) Kuburyo bwa DTE module, uruziga rwimbere rwegereye Umuhuza;
e) Inzira ya kristu ya oscillator igomba kuba hafi ishoboka kubikoresho byayo byo gutwara.
2.7 Insinga zubutaka bwa buri gace zisanzwe zihujwe kumurongo umwe cyangwa nyinshi hamwe na 0 Ohm irwanya cyangwa amasaro.
3. Inzira yerekana ibimenyetso
3.1 Muri modem yerekana inzira ya modem, imirongo yikimenyetso gikunda urusaku numurongo wibimenyetso byoroshye kwivanga bigomba kubikwa kure hashoboka.Niba bidashoboka, koresha umurongo utagira aho ubogamiye kugirango wigunge.
3.2 Ibyuma byerekana ibyuma bya digitale bigomba gushyirwa mubice byerekana ibyuma bya digitale bishoboka;
Ikigereranyo cyerekana ibimenyetso bigomba gushyirwa mubice bisa byerekana ibimenyetso bishoboka;
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Ibimenyetso bya digitale hamwe nibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso ni perpendicular kugirango bigabanye guhuza.
3.3 Koresha ibimenyetso byihariye (mubisanzwe hasi) kugirango uhagarike ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso byerekana aho bigereranya.
a) Inzira zubutaka zitandukanijwe mukarere ka analogi zitondekanijwe kumpande zombi zubuyobozi bwa PCB hafi yikimenyetso cyerekana ibimenyetso, hamwe nubugari bwumurongo wa 50-100mil;
b) Inzira zubutaka zitandukanijwe mukarere ka digitale zanyuze hafi yumurongo wogukoresha ibyuma bya digitale kumpande zombi zubuyobozi bwa PCB, hamwe nubugari bwumurongo wa 50-100mil, nubugari bwuruhande rumwe rwubuyobozi bwa PCB bigomba kuba 200mil.
3.4 Iringaniza rya bisi yerekana ibimenyetso byerekana ubugari> 10mil (muri rusange 12-15mil), nka / HCS, / HRD, / HWT, / GUSUBIZA.
3.5 Ubugari bwumurongo wibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso ni> 10mil (muri rusange 12-15mil), nka MICM, MICV, SPKV, VC, VREF, TXA1, TXA2, RXA, TELIN, TELOUT.
3.6 Ibindi bimenyetso byose byerekana ibimenyetso bigomba kuba binini uko bishoboka kwose, ubugari bwumurongo bugomba kuba> 5mil (10mil muri rusange), naho ibimenyetso biri hagati yibigize bigomba kuba bigufi bishoboka (kubanza kubitekerezaho bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe ushyira ibikoresho).
3.7 Ubugari bwumurongo wa capacitori ya bypass kuri IC ihuye igomba kuba> 25mil, kandi gukoresha vias bigomba kwirindwa bishoboka. unyuze mu nsinga zubutaka bwitaruye kumwanya umwe (watoranijwe) cyangwa ingingo ebyiri.Niba ibimenyetso biri kuruhande rumwe gusa, ubutaka bwitaruye bushobora kujya kurundi ruhande rwa PCB kugirango usibe ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso kandi bikomeze.
3.9 Irinde gukoresha inguni ya dogere 90 kugirango uhuze ibimenyetso byihuta cyane, kandi ukoreshe arc yoroshye cyangwa 45-dogere.
3.10 Ibimenyetso byihuta byerekana inzira bigomba kugabanya ikoreshwa ryihuza.
3.11 Gumana ibimenyetso byose byerekana ibimenyetso kure ya sisitemu ya oscillator.
3.12 Kubyerekezo byihuta byerekana ibimenyetso, inzira imwe ikomeza igomba gukoreshwa kugirango wirinde ibihe aho ibice byinshi byinzira bigenda biva kumurongo umwe.
3.13 Mumuzunguruko wa DAA, usige umwanya byibura 60mil hafi ya perforasi (ibice byose).
4. Amashanyarazi
4.1 Menya isano ihuza imbaraga.
4Shira imwe kumurongo wamashanyarazi no kumpera yanyuma yubuyobozi bwa PCB kugirango wirinde umuvuduko wamashanyarazi uterwa n urusaku.
4.3 Kubibaho byimpande ebyiri, murwego rumwe numuzunguruko utwara amashanyarazi, uzenguruke umuzenguruko ufite ibimenyetso byumurongo ufite ubugari bwa 200mil kumpande zombi.(Urundi ruhande rugomba gutunganywa kimwe nubutaka bwa digitale)
4.4 Mubisanzwe, ibimenyetso byimbaraga byashyizwe mbere, hanyuma ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso.
5. ubutaka
5.1 Mu kibaho cyibice bibiri, uduce tudakoreshwa hirya no hino munsi ya digitale na analogi (usibye DAA) huzuyemo ibice bya digitale cyangwa bigereranywa, kandi uduce tumwe na tumwe twahujwe hamwe, kandi uduce tumwe twibice bitandukanye ni ihujwe binyuze muri byinshi: Modem DGND pin ihujwe nubutaka bwa digitale, naho AGND pin ihujwe nubutaka busa;agace ka digitale hamwe nubutaka busa butandukanijwe nu cyuho kigororotse.
5pin ya Modem DGND ihujwe nubutaka bwa digitale, na AGND pin ihujwe nubutaka busa;agace ka digitale hamwe nubutaka busa bwakoreshejwe butandukanijwe nu cyuho kigororotse.
5.3 Niba akayunguruzo ka EMI gasabwa mugushushanya, umwanya runaka ugomba kubikwa kuri sock ya interineti.Ibikoresho byinshi bya EMI (amasaro / ubushobozi) birashobora gushyirwa muri kano gace;ihujwe na yo.
5.4 Amashanyarazi ya buri module ikora agomba gutandukana.Module ikora irashobora kugabanywamo: guhuza parike ya bisi, kwerekana, kuzenguruka sisitemu (SRAM, EPROM, Modem) na DAA, nibindi.
5.5 Kuburyo bwa DTE module, koresha ubushobozi bwa decoupling kugirango ugabanye ingufu, kandi ukore kimwe kumurongo wa terefone.
5.6 Umugozi wubutaka uhujwe unyuze kumurongo umwe, niba bishoboka, koresha Isaro;niba ari ngombwa guhagarika EMI, emera insinga zubutaka zihuze ahandi.
5.7 Insinga zose zubutaka zigomba kuba nini zishoboka, 25-50mil.
5.8 Ubushobozi bwa capacitori hagati yamashanyarazi ya IC yose / ubutaka bugomba kuba bugufi bushoboka, kandi oya binyuze mumyobo igomba gukoreshwa.
6. Inzira ya Crystal oscillator
6.1 Inzira zose zifitanye isano ninjiza / ibisohoka byanyuma bya kristu oscillator (nka XTLI, XTLO) bigomba kuba bigufi bishoboka kugirango bigabanye ingaruka ziterwa n urusaku no gukwirakwiza ubushobozi kuri Crystal.Inzira ya XTLO igomba kuba ngufi ishoboka, kandi impande zigoramye ntizigomba kuba munsi ya dogere 45.(Kuberako XTLO ihujwe numushoferi ufite igihe cyo kuzamuka byihuse hamwe nigihe kinini)
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Pin ya DGND yegereye oscillator ya kristu, kandi igabanya umubare wa vias.
6.3 Niba bishoboka, shyira ikariso.
6.4 Huza 100 Ohm irwanya hagati ya pin ya XTLO na kristu / capacitor node.
6.5 Ubutaka bwa kristu ya oscillator ya kristu ihujwe neza na pin ya GND ya Modem.Ntukoreshe agace k'ubutaka cyangwa ibimenyetso byubutaka kugirango uhuze capacitor na pin ya GND ya Modem.
7. Igishushanyo cyigenga cya Modem ukoresheje interineti ya EIA / TIA-232
7.1 Koresha icyuma.Niba igikonoshwa cya pulasitike gikenewe, icyuma kigomba gushyirwaho imbere cyangwa ibikoresho bigatwara bigomba guterwa kugirango EMI igabanuke.
7.2 Shyira Chokes yuburyo bumwe kuri buri mugozi wamashanyarazi.
7.3 Ibigize bishyizwe hamwe kandi byegereye Umuhuza wa EIA / TIA-232.
7.4 Ibikoresho byose bya EIA / TIA-232 byahujwe kugiti cyumuriro / ubutaka biva mumashanyarazi.Inkomoko yimbaraga / ubutaka bugomba kuba imbaraga zinjiza itumanaho kurubaho cyangwa ibisohoka bya terefone igenzura chip.
7.5 EIA / TIA-232 ibimenyetso byerekana insinga kubutaka bwa digitale.
7.6 Mu bihe bikurikira, ingabo ya kabili ya EIA / TIA-232 ntabwo ikeneye guhuzwa na shell ya Modem;guhuza ubusa;ihujwe nubutaka bwa digitale binyuze mumasaro;umugozi wa EIA / TIA-232 uhujwe neza nubutaka bwa digitale mugihe impeta ya magneti ishyizwe hafi yikigero cya Modem.
8. Amashanyarazi ya capacitori ya VC na VREF agomba kuba mugufi ashoboka kandi aherereye ahantu hatabogamye.
8.1 Huza itumanaho ryiza rya capacitori ya 10uF VC na capacitori 0.1uF VC kuri VC pin (PIN24) ya Modem ukoresheje insinga zitandukanye.
8.
8.3 Huza itumanaho ryiza rya 10uF VREF ya electrolytike ya capacitori na 0.1uF VC capacitor kuri VREF pin (PIN25) ya Modem ukoresheje insinga zitandukanye.
8.4 Huza itumanaho ribi rya 10uF VREF ya electrolytike ya capacitori na 0.1uF VC capacitor kuri VC pin (PIN24) ya Modem ukoresheje inzira yigenga;menya ko yigenga kuva 8.1.
VREF —— + ——– +
┿ 10u ┿ 0.1u
VC —— + ——– +
┿ 10u ┿ 0.1u
+ ——– + —– ~~~~~ - + AGND
Isaro yakoreshejwe igomba guhura:
Impedance = 70W kuri 100MHz ;;
igipimo cyagenwe = 200mA ;;
Kurwanya ntarengwa = 0.5W.
9. Imigaragarire ya terefone na Handset
9.1 Shyira Choke kuri interineti hagati yinama nimpeta.
9.2 Uburyo bwo gusibanganya umurongo wa terefone busa nuburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi, ukoresheje uburyo nko kongeramo inductance, choke, na capacitor.Nyamara, gusiba umurongo wa terefone biragoye kandi biragaragara cyane kuruta gukuramo amashanyarazi.Imyitozo rusange ni ukubika imyanya yibi bikoresho kugirango ihindurwe mugihe cyo gukora / Icyemezo cya EMI.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-11-2023