Ni ayahe mateka n'iterambere ryibibaho byacapwe?

Amateka

Mbere yuko haza ibibaho byumuzunguruko byacapwe, imikoranire hagati yibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byaterwaga no guhuza insinga kugirango habeho uruziga rwuzuye.Mubihe byiki gihe, imbaho ​​zumuzingi zibaho gusa nkibikoresho byubushakashatsi bwiza, kandi imbaho ​​zicapye zahindutse umwanya wiganje mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki.
Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, mu rwego rwo koroshya umusaruro w’imashini za elegitoroniki, kugabanya insinga hagati y’ibice bya elegitoroniki, no kugabanya ibiciro by’umusaruro, abantu batangiye kwiga uburyo bwo gusimbuza insinga bakoresheje icapiro.Mu myaka mirongo itatu ishize, abajenjeri bakomeje gusaba ko hongerwaho ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata insinga.Intsinzi kurusha izindi ni mu 1925, igihe Charles Ducas wo muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika yacapaga uburyo bwo kuzenguruka insimburangingo, hanyuma agashyiraho uburyo bwo kuyobora insinga zikoresha amashanyarazi. Kugeza mu 1936, umunya Otirishiya Paul Eisler (Paul Eisler) yasohoye ikoranabuhanga rya fili mu Bwongereza, we yakoresheje ikibaho cyumuzingo cyanditse mubikoresho bya radio;mu Buyapani, Miyamoto Kisuke yakoresheje uburyo bwo gukoresha insinga “メ タ リ コ ン” Uburyo bwo gukoresha insinga hakoreshejwe uburyo (Patent No 119384) ”bwasabye ipatanti.Muri ibyo byombi, uburyo bwa Paul Eisler nuburyo busa cyane nu mbaho ​​zacapwe zomunsi.Ubu buryo bwitwa gukuramo, bukuraho ibyuma bitari ngombwa;mugihe Charles Ducas na Miyamoto Kisuke uburyo bwo kongeramo gusa ibisabwa Icyuma cyitwa uburyo bwo kongeramo.Nubwo bimeze bityo, kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki muri kiriya gihe, substrate zombi zari zigoye gukoresha hamwe, kubwibyo rero ntabwo byari bisanzwe bifatika, ariko kandi byatumye ikoranabuhanga ryumuzunguruko ryacapwe ritera indi ntera.

Itezimbere

Mu myaka icumi ishize, uruganda rwanjye rwacapishijwe uruzinduko rw’igihugu (PCB) rwateye imbere mu buryo bwihuse, kandi agaciro k’umusaruro wose hamwe n’ibisohoka byose biza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi.Kubera iterambere ryihuse ryibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike, intambara yibiciro yahinduye imiterere yurwego rutanga.Ubushinwa bufite isaranganya ry’inganda, ikiguzi n’inyungu ku isoko, kandi ryabaye ikigo cy’ibanze cy’ibicuruzwa by’umuzunguruko ku isi.
Ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe cyateye imbere kuva kumurongo umwe kugeza kumpande ebyiri, ibyiciro byinshi kandi byoroshye, kandi bigahora bitera imbere mubyerekezo byukuri, ubucucike bwinshi kandi bwizewe.Gukomeza kugabanya ingano, kugabanya ikiguzi, no kunoza imikorere bizatuma ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe gikomeza kugira imbaraga zikomeye mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki mugihe kizaza.
Mu bihe biri imbere, iterambere ryiterambere ryimyandikire yumuzunguruko wanditse ni ugutezimbere mu cyerekezo cyinshi, cyuzuye, aperture nto, insinga ntoya, ikibuga gito, kwizerwa cyane, ibyiciro byinshi, kwanduza umuvuduko mwinshi, uburemere bworoshye na inoze.