Ni ubuhe buryo bugaragara hamwe nibigize ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe?

Ibigize

Uwitekaikibaho cyumuzungurukoigizwe ahanini n'ibi bikurikira
Umurongo nicyitegererezo (Icyitegererezo): Umurongo ukoreshwa nkigikoresho cyo kuyobora hagati yumwimerere.Mu gishushanyo, ubuso bunini bw'umuringa buzakorwa nk'ubutaka hamwe n'amashanyarazi.Imirongo n'ibishushanyo bikozwe icyarimwe.
Dielectric layer: ikoreshwa mukubungabunga insulasi hagati yimirongo nimirongo, bizwi nka substrate.
Binyuze mu mwobo / vias: Binyuze mu mwobo urashobora gukora ibice birenga bibiri byumuzunguruko bitwara hamwe, binini binyuze mumyobo bikoreshwa nkibice byacometse, kandi bitanyuze mu mwobo (nPTH) mubisanzwe bikoreshwa nkubuso bwubuso Kubirindiro, ni ikoreshwa mugukosora imigozi mugihe cyo guterana.Isoko irwanya ibicuruzwa / Mask ya Solder: Ntabwo umuringa wose ukenera kurya ibice byamabati, bityo ahantu hatari amabati hazacapwa hamwe nibikoresho (mubisanzwe epoxy resin) itandukanya ubuso bwumuringa kurya amabati. .Inzira ngufi hagati y'imirongo itarya amabati.Ukurikije inzira zitandukanye, igabanijwemo amavuta yicyatsi, amavuta atukura namavuta yubururu.
Mugaragaza ya silike (Legend / Marking / Silk ecran): Iki nikintu kitari ngombwa.Igikorwa nyamukuru nugushira akamenyetso kumazina nu mwanya wa buri gice ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko, cyoroshye kubungabunga no kumenyekana nyuma yo guterana.
Surface Kurangiza: Kubera ko ubuso bwumuringa bworoshye okiside mubidukikije muri rusange, ntibushobora gutoborwa (solderabilité), bityo bizarindwa hejuru yumuringa ukeneye kurya amabati.Uburyo bwo gukingira burimo gutera amabati (HASL), zahabu yimiti (ENIG), ifeza (Immersion Silver), amabati (Immersion Tin), umukozi wo kugurisha ibicuruzwa bigurisha ibicuruzwa (OSP), buri buryo bufite ibyiza nibibi, hamwe byitwa kuvura hejuru.

Inyuma

Ikibaho cyambaye ubusa (kitagira ibice kuri cyo) nacyo bakunze kwita “Icapa ryacapwe (PWB)”.Isahani fatizo yibibaho ubwayo ikozwe muburyo bwo kubika ibintu bitagoramye byoroshye.Ibikoresho bito byumuzunguruko bishobora kugaragara hejuru ni umuringa wumuringa.Mu ntangiriro, ifiriti y'umuringa yatwikiriye ikibaho cyose, ariko igice cyacyo cyarashizwe mu gihe cyo gukora, naho igice gisigaye gihinduka uruziga rumeze nk'uruziga ruto..Iyi mirongo yitwa uburyo bwo kuyobora cyangwa insinga, kandi bikoreshwa mugutanga amashanyarazi kubice biri kuri PCB.
Mubisanzwe ibara rya PCB ni icyatsi cyangwa igikara, niryo bara rya mask yo kugurisha.Ni urwego rukingira, rushobora kurinda insinga z'umuringa, gukumira imiyoboro ngufi iterwa no kugurisha imiraba, no kuzigama umubare wabagurishije.Mugaragaza ya silike nayo yacapishijwe mask yagurishijwe.Mubisanzwe, inyandiko n'ibimenyetso (cyane cyane byera) byacapishijwe kuriyi kugirango werekane umwanya wa buri gice kurubaho.Urupapuro rwo gucapura uruhande narwo rwitwa uruhande rw'imigani.
Mu bicuruzwa byanyuma, imiyoboro ihuriweho, tristoriste, diode, ibice bya pasiporo (nka résistoriste, capacator, umuhuza, nibindi) nibindi bice bya elegitoronike bitandukanye kuri yo.Binyuze mu guhuza insinga, guhuza ibimenyetso bya elegitoronike nibikorwa bikwiye birashobora gushirwaho.