Ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe (PCBs) nigice cyingenzi mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho, bikora nkumugongo wibigize hamwe nibihuza bituma ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bikora neza. Gukora PCB, bizwi kandi nk'ibihimbano bya PCB, ni inzira igoye irimo ibyiciro byinshi kuva igishushanyo mbonera kugeza ku nteko ya nyuma. Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzafata ingamba zimbitse mubikorwa byo gukora PCB, dusuzume buri ntambwe nakamaro kayo.
1. Igishushanyo mbonera
Intambwe yambere mubikorwa bya PCB ni ugushushanya imiterere yubuyobozi. Ba injeniyeri bakoresha software ifashwa na mudasobwa (CAD) kugirango bakore igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana aho bahurira nibice bigize ibice. Imiterere ikubiyemo guhitamo umwanya wikimenyetso, amakariso, hamwe na vias kugirango habeho kwivanga kwinshi no gutangaza ibimenyetso neza.
2. Guhitamo ibikoresho
Guhitamo ibikoresho bya PCB nibyingenzi mubikorwa byayo no kuramba. Ibikoresho bisanzwe birimo fiberglass yongerewe imbaraga epoxy laminate, bakunze kwita FR-4. Igice cy'umuringa ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko ni ingenzi mu kuyobora amashanyarazi. Umubyimba nubwiza bwumuringa ukoreshwa biterwa nibisabwa byumuzunguruko.
3. Tegura substrate
Igishushanyo mbonera kimaze kugenwa nibikoresho byatoranijwe, inzira yo gukora itangirana no guca substrate kubipimo bisabwa. Substrate noneho isukurwa kandi igashyirwaho igipande cyumuringa, igakora ishingiro ryinzira ziyobora.
4. Gutera
Nyuma yo gutegura substrate, intambwe ikurikira ni ugukuraho umuringa urenze kurubaho. Ubu buryo, bwitwa etching, bugerwaho no gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya aside bita mask kugirango urinde ibimenyetso byumuringa wifuza. Agace kadashyizwe ahagaragara noneho gashobora guhura nigisubizo, gishonga umuringa utifuzwa, hasigara inzira yumuzunguruko gusa.
5. Gucukura
Gucukura bikubiyemo gukora umwobo cyangwa vias muri substrate kugirango yemere gushyira ibice hamwe nu mashanyarazi hagati yinzego zitandukanye zumuzunguruko. Imashini zihuta cyane zifite ibikoresho bya drill bits zirashobora gukora imashini ntoya. Nyuma yo gucukura birangiye, umwobo ushyizwemo ibikoresho byayobora kugirango habeho guhuza neza.
6. Gushyira hamwe no kugurisha mask
Imbaho zacukuwe zometseho umuringa muto cyane kugirango ushimangire kandi utange uburyo bwiza bwo kugera kubigize. Nyuma yo gushira, hashyizweho mask yo kugurisha kugirango irinde ibimenyetso byumuringa okiside no gusobanura agace kagurishijwe. Ibara rya masike yagurishijwe mubisanzwe ni icyatsi, ariko irashobora gutandukana ukurikije ibyo uwabikoze akunda.
7. Gushyira ibice
Muri iyi ntambwe, PCB yakozwe yuzuye ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ibigize byashyizwe neza kuri padi byemeza guhuza neza no kwerekana icyerekezo. Inzira ikunze gukoreshwa hifashishijwe imashini zitoragura-kugirango zizere neza kandi neza.
8. Gusudira
Kugurisha nintambwe yanyuma mubikorwa bya PCB. Harimo gushyushya ibintu na padi kugirango ukore amashanyarazi akomeye kandi yizewe. Ibi birashobora gukorwa hifashishijwe imashini igurisha umuraba, aho ikibaho cyanyujijwe kumurongo wogurisha gushonga, cyangwa nubuhanga bwo kugurisha intoki kubintu bigoye.
Uburyo bwo gukora PCB nuburyo bwitondewe burimo ibyiciro byinshi byo guhindura igishushanyo muburyo bwimikorere yumuzunguruko. Kuva mubishushanyo mbonera no muburyo bwo gushyira ibice no kugurisha, buri ntambwe igira uruhare mubikorwa rusange no kwizerwa bya PCB. Mugusobanukirwa amakuru arambuye yuburyo bwo gukora, turashobora gushima iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryatumye ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho bito, byihuse, kandi neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-18-2023