Itandukaniro hagatiPCBicapiro ryumuzunguruko ryacapwe hamwe nu muzunguruko:
1. Imiyoboro ihuriweho muri rusange yerekeza ku guhuza chip, nka chip yo mu majyaruguru ya chip ku kibaho, kandi imbere muri CPU, byose byitwa imiyoboro ihuriweho, kandi izina ryumwimerere naryo ryitwa guhuza ibice.Umuzunguruko wacapwe bivuga imbaho zumuzunguruko dusanzwe tubona, kimwe no gucapa no kugurisha ibyuma ku kibaho.
2. Inzira ihuriweho (IC) irasudwa ku kibaho cya PCB;ikibaho cya PCB nicyo gitwara imiyoboro ihuriweho (IC).Ikibaho cya PCB ni ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe (Icapa ryumuzunguruko, PCB).Ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe kiboneka mubikoresho byose bya elegitoroniki.Niba hari ibice bya elegitoronike mugikoresho runaka, imbaho zumuzingo zacapwe zishyirwa kuri PCBs zingana.Usibye gutunganya ibice bito bito, umurimo wingenzi wibibaho byacapwe ni uguhuza amashanyarazi ibice bitandukanye hejuru.
3. Kubivuga mu buryo bworoshye, umuzenguruko uhuriweho uhuza rusange-intego yumuzingi muri chip.Ni byose.Iyo bimaze kwangirika imbere, chip nayo izangirika, kandi PCB irashobora kugurisha ibice byonyine.Niba yaravunitse, irashobora gusimburwa.element.
PCB ni ikibaho cyumuzunguruko cyacapwe, cyiswe ikibaho cyacapwe, kandi nikimwe mubice byingenzi bigize inganda za elegitoroniki.Hafi yubwoko bwose bwibikoresho bya elegitoronike, uhereye kumasaha ya elegitoronike na calculatrice kugeza kuri mudasobwa, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byitumanaho, hamwe na sisitemu yintwaro za gisirikare, mugihe cyose hari ibikoresho bya elegitoronike nkumuzunguruko uhuriweho, kugirango habeho guhuza amashanyarazi hagati yibice bitandukanye, umuziki wacapwe imbaho zigomba gukoreshwa.isahani.
Ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe kigizwe nicyapa cyibanze, gihuza insinga nudupapuro two guteranya no gusudira ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, kandi bifite imirimo ibiri yumurongo uyobora hamwe nicyapa cyibanze.Irashobora gusimbuza insinga zigoye kandi ikamenya guhuza amashanyarazi hagati yibice bigize umuzunguruko, ntabwo byoroshya guteranya no gusudira ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike gusa, bigabanya akazi ko gukoresha insinga muburyo gakondo, kandi bigabanya cyane imbaraga zumurimo w'abakozi;igabanya kandi ubunini bwimashini yose.Umubare, gabanya igiciro cyibicuruzwa, kuzamura ubwiza nubwizerwe bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Inzira ihuriweho ni igikoresho gito cya elegitoroniki cyangwa ibice.Ukoresheje inzira runaka, tristoriste, résistoriste, capacator, inductor nibindi bice bisabwa mumuzunguruko birahujwe, kandi bihimbwa kuri waferi ntoya cyangwa nyinshi ntoya ya semiconductor cyangwa insimburangingo ya dielectric, hanyuma igapakirwa mumiyoboro., hanyuma uhinduke microstructure hamwe nibikorwa bisabwa byumuzunguruko;ibice byose birimo birimo byahujwe muburyo, bituma ibikoresho bya elegitoronike intambwe nini iganisha kuri miniaturizasi, gukoresha ingufu nke, ubwenge no kwizerwa cyane.Ihagarariwe ninyuguti “IC” mukuzunguruka.Abavumbuye umuzunguruko uhuriweho ni Jack Kilby (germanium (Ge) -bishingiye kumuzunguruko) hamwe na Robert Noyce (silicon (Si) ishingiye kumuzunguruko).Benshi mu nganda za semiconductor zubu zikoresha silikoni ishingiye kumuzunguruko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-21-2023