Ubuyobozi bwa PCB ninkingi yibikoresho byose bya elegitoroniki, urubuga rwashyizwemo amashanyarazi. Nubwo, nubwo bifite akamaro, izi mbaho ntizikingira gutsindwa cyangwa inenge. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kwiga uburyo bwo gupima neza ikibaho cya PCB hamwe na multimeter. Muri iyi blog, tuzasesengura intambwe-ku-ntambwe yo kugerageza ikibaho cya PCB kugirango tumenye neza imikorere yacyo kandi tumenye ibibazo bishobora kuvuka.
Wige ibijyanye na multimetero:
Mbere yo kwibira mubikorwa byo kwipimisha, ni ngombwa kumenyera ibikoresho tuzakoresha - multimeter. Multimeter nigikoresho cya elegitoronike gipima ibintu bitandukanye byamashanyarazi nka voltage, ikigezweho, nubukomeza. Igizwe nibice bitandukanye birimo kwerekana, guhitamo imvugo, ibyambu na probe.
Intambwe ya 1: Tegura ikizamini
Tangira ubona multimeter ikora kandi umenyere imikorere yayo nimiterere. Menya neza ko ubuyobozi bwa PCB bwaciwe n'inkomoko iyo ari yo yose kugirango wirinde kwangirika cyangwa gukomeretsa. Menya ingingo zitandukanye uzagerageza ku kibaho hanyuma urebe ko zishobora kuboneka.
Intambwe ya kabiri: Umuvuduko wikizamini
Kugirango ugerageze voltage ku kibaho cya PCB, nyamuneka shyira multimeter kuri voltage hanyuma uhitemo urwego rukwiranye na voltage iteganijwe. Huza probe yumukara ku cyambu gisanzwe (COM) na probe itukura ku cyambu cya voltage (V). Kora kuri probe itukura kuri terminal nziza ya PCB na probe yumukara kuri terminal kugirango utangire kugerageza voltage. Reba gusoma hanyuma usubiremo inzira kubindi bice bifatika kurubaho.
Intambwe ya 3: Gukomeza Ikizamini
Ikizamini cyo gukomeza ni ngombwa kugirango umenye ko nta gufungura cyangwa ikabutura bibaho kuri PCB. Shiraho multimeter muburyo bwo gukomeza uhinduranya abatoranya bakurikije. Huza probe yumukara ku cyambu cya COM na probe itukura ku cyambu cyabigenewe cyo gukomeza kuri multimeter. Kora kuri probe hamwe kandi urebe neza ko wumva beep kugirango wemeze gukomeza. Noneho, kora iperereza kumwanya wifuza kuri PCB hanyuma wumve beep. Niba nta majwi, hariho uruziga rufunguye, rwerekana guhuza amakosa.
Intambwe ya kane: Gerageza Kurwanya
Kwipimisha birwanya bifasha kumenya ibintu byose bidasanzwe cyangwa ibyangiritse mubice byumuzunguruko ku kibaho cya PCB. Shyira multimeter muburyo bwo guhangana (inyuguti yikigereki omega ikimenyetso). Huza probe yumukara ku cyambu cya COM na probe itukura ku cyambu cya résistoriste. Kora iperereza hamwe hanyuma urebe gusoma gusoma. Noneho, kora iperereza kubintu bitandukanye kurubaho hanyuma ugereranye ibyasomwe. Niba gusoma bitandukiriye cyane cyangwa byerekana kurwanya bitagira umupaka, byerekana ikibazo gishobora kuba cyumuzingi wa PCB.
Kugerageza ikibaho cya PCB hamwe na multimeter ni intambwe ikomeye mugukora neza no kwizerwa. Ukurikije intambwe-ku-ntambwe inzira igaragara muri iki gitabo, urashobora gusuzuma neza voltage, ubudahwema, hamwe nuburwanya ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko. Wibuke ko multimeter ari igikoresho kinini, kandi gusobanukirwa imikorere yacyo nibyingenzi mugupima neza. Ukoresheje ubu buhanga, urashobora gukemura ibibazo wizeye kandi ugasana ibikenewe kugirango umenye neza imikorere yubuyobozi bwa PCB.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-06-2023