AmateurUmusaruro wa PCB, ihererekanyabubasha ryimyandikire hamwe na UV guhura nuburyo bubiri bukoreshwa.
Ibikoresho bigomba gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kohereza amashyuza ni: umuringa wambaye laminate, printer ya laser (igomba kuba printer ya laser, printer ya inkjet, printer ya dot matrix nibindi bicapiro ntibyemewe), impapuro zoherejwe nubushyuhe (zishobora gusimburwa na impapuro zinyuma inyuma yikibaho), ariko impapuro zisanzwe za A4 ntizishobora gukoreshwa), imashini yohereza amashyuza (irashobora gusimburwa nicyuma cyamashanyarazi, ifoto ya laminator), ikaramu yerekana amavuta (igomba kuba ikaramu yerekana amavuta, wino yayo idafite amazi, n'amakaramu y'amazi ashingiye ku mazi ntibyemewe), imiti yangiza (muri rusange ukoreshe ferric chloride cyangwa ammonium persulfate), imyitozo y'intebe, sandpaper y'amazi (nibyiza nibyiza).
Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora nuburyo bukurikira:
Komera hejuru yumuringa hejuru yumuringa wambitswe umuringa hamwe numusenyi wamazi, hanyuma usya hejuru ya oxyde, hanyuma ukarabe ifu yumuringa ikorwa no gusya n'amazi, hanyuma ukumisha.
Koresha printer ya laser kugirango wandike ishusho yindorerwamo yibumoso n iburyo ya fayili ya PCB yashushanyije kuruhande rworoshye rwimpapuro zoherejwe nubushyuhe, kandi insinga ni umukara naho ibindi bice birimo ubusa.
Shira impapuro zoherejwe nubushyuhe hejuru yumuringa wambitswe umuringa (uruhande rwo gucapa rureba uruhande rwumuringa, kugirango ikibaho cyumuringa gitwikire neza aho icapiro), hanyuma ukosore impapuro zoherejwe nubushyuhe kugirango umenye neza ko impapuro zikora ntabwo Kwimuka bizabaho.
Imashini yohereza amashyanyarazi irakinguye kandi irashyuha.Ubushuhe bumaze kurangira, shyiramo laminate yambaye umuringa ushyizwe hamwe nimpapuro zoherejwe nubushyuhe mumashanyarazi ya reberi yimashini ihererekanya amashyuza, hanyuma usubiremo inshuro 3 kugeza 10 (ukurikije imikorere yimashini, bimwe byohereza amashyuza Bamwe imashini zirashobora gukoreshwa nyuma ya 1 pass, kandi zimwe zisaba passes 10).Niba ukoresheje icyuma cyamashanyarazi kugirango wimure, nyamuneka uhindure icyuma cyamashanyarazi mubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kandi uhindure inshuro nyinshi icyuma cyambaye umuringa cyanditseho impapuro zoherejwe nubushyuhe, hanyuma ucyicare neza kugirango urebe ko buri gice kizakanda kuri icyuma.Laminate yambaye umuringa irashyushye cyane kandi ntishobora gukorwaho igihe kinini mbere yuko irangira.
Rindira umuringa wambaye umuringa laminate kugirango ukonje bisanzwe, kandi iyo bimaze gukonja kugeza aho bitagishyushye, witonze ukureho impapuro zoherejwe nubushyuhe.Menya ko ugomba gutegereza gukonja byuzuye mbere yo gushwanyaguza, bitabaye ibyo firime ya plastike kurupapuro rwoherejwe nubushyuhe irashobora gukomera ku kibaho cyambaye umuringa, bikaviramo kunanirwa umusaruro.
Reba niba ihererekanyabubasha ryagenze neza.Niba ibimenyetso bimwe bituzuye, urashobora gukoresha ikimenyetso gishingiye kumavuta kugirango ubirangize.Muri iki gihe, ibimenyetso byasizwe n'ikaramu ishingiye ku mavuta ku kibaho cyambaye umuringa bizagumaho nyuma yo kwangirika.Niba ushaka gukora umukono wandikishijwe intoki ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko, urashobora kubyandika mu kibaho cyambaye umuringa hamwe na marike ishingiye kuri peteroli muri iki gihe.Muri iki gihe, umwobo muto urashobora gukubitwa ku nkombe ya PCB kandi umugozi urashobora guhambirwa kugirango woroshye ruswa mu ntambwe ikurikira.
Shira imiti ikwiye yangiza (fata urugero rwa chloride ferricike) mubikoresho bya plastiki, hanyuma usukemo amazi ashyushye kugirango ushongeshe imiti (ntukongere amazi menshi, arashobora gushonga rwose, amazi menshi azagabanya kwibanda) , hanyuma wimure muri Soak wanditseho umuringa wanditseho laminate mugisubizo cyimiti yangirika, hamwe numuringa wambitswe umuringa hejuru, kugirango umenye neza ko igisubizo kibora cyarohamye rwose mumuringa wambaye umuringa, hanyuma ugakomeza kunyeganyeza ikintu kirimo igisubizo kibora. , cyangwa kunyeganyeza umuringa wambaye laminate.Nibyiza, pompe yimashini ibora izamura amazi ya ruswa.Mugihe cyo kwangirika, nyamuneka buri gihe witondere impinduka zumuringa wambaye umuringa.Niba firime ya karubone yimuwe cyangwa wino yanditswe n'ikaramu ya marikeri iguye, nyamuneka uhagarike ruswa ako kanya hanyuma usohokemo umuringa wambaye umuringa wa laminate hanyuma ukiyuhagire, hanyuma wuzuze umurongo waguye ukoresheje ikaramu yerekana amavuta.Kwisubiraho.Nyuma yuko umuringa wose ugaragara ku kibaho cyambaye umuringa wangiritse, kura ako kanya ikibaho cyometseho umuringa, kwoza n'amazi ya robine, hanyuma ukoreshe umusenyi w’amazi kugirango uhanagure tonier ya printer ku kibaho cyambaye umuringa mugihe cyoza.
Nyuma yo gukama, fungura umwobo hamwe n'intebe y'intebe kandi yiteguye gukoresha.
Kugirango PCB ikoreshwe na UV, ugomba gukoresha ibi bikoresho:
Icapiro rya Inkjet cyangwa icapiro rya laser (ubundi bwoko bwa printer ntibishobora gukoreshwa), laminate yambaye umuringa, firime yerekana amafoto cyangwa amavuta yerekana amafoto (aboneka kumurongo), icapiro rya firime cyangwa impapuro za acide sulfurike (firime irasabwa kubicapiro bya laser), isahani yikirahure cyangwa isahani ya plexiglass ( Agace kagomba kuba nini kuruta ikibaho cyumuzunguruko kizakorwa), itara rya ultraviolet (urashobora gukoresha itara rya ultraviolet itara ryangiza, cyangwa amatara ya ultraviolet akoreshwa muri salon yimisumari), hydroxide ya sodium (nanone yitwa "soda ya caustic", ishobora kugurwa muri ububiko butanga imiti), aside karubone Sodium (nanone yitwa "soda ivu", ifu iribwa alkali ni kristu ya karubone ya sodium, ishobora gusimburwa nifu ya alkali iribwa, cyangwa karubone ya sodium ikoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti), gants zo kurinda reberi (bisabwa) , amavuta yerekana ikaramu, imiti yangirika, umwitozo wintebe, Sandpaper.
Ubwa mbere, koresha printer kugirango ucapishe igishushanyo cya PCB kuri firime cyangwa impapuro za acide sulfurike kugirango ukore "film mbi".Menya ko amashusho yindorerwamo yibumoso niburyo asabwa mugihe cyo gucapa, kandi cyera gisubizwa inyuma (ni ukuvuga, insinga zacapishijwe umweru, kandi ahantu hasabwa umwirondoro wumuringa ni umukara).
Komera hejuru yumuringa hejuru yumuringa wambitswe umuringa hamwe numusenyi wamazi, hanyuma usya hejuru ya oxyde, hanyuma ukarabe ifu yumuringa ikorwa no gusya n'amazi, hanyuma ukumisha.
Niba amavuta yumvikanisha akoreshwa, koresha umuyonga muto kugirango ushushanye neza amavuta yifotozi hejuru yumuringa wambaye umuringa laminate hanyuma ureke yumuke.Niba ukoresheje firime yifotora, andika firime yunvikana hejuru yikibaho cyambaye umuringa muriki gihe.Hano hari firime ikingira kumpande zombi za firime yifotora.Banza ukureho firime ikingira kuruhande rumwe hanyuma uyishyire ku kibaho cyambaye umuringa.Ntugasige umwuka mubi.Urundi rwego rwa firime ikingira Ntukihutire kubusenya.Yaba firime yerekana amafoto cyangwa amavuta yunvikana, nyamuneka ukorere mucyumba cyijimye.Niba nta cyumba cyijimye, urashobora gufunga umwenda hanyuma ugacana amatara make kugirango ukore.Umuringa utunganijwe wambaye laminate nawo ugomba kubikwa kure yumucyo.
Shira “firime mbi” kuri laminate yambaye umuringa wigeze kuvurwa, ukande ku kirahure, hanyuma umanike itara rya ultraviolet hejuru kugirango urebe ko imyanya yose ishobora kwakira imirasire imwe ya ultraviolet.Nyuma yo kuyishyira, fungura itara rya ultraviolet.Imirasire ya ultraviolet yangiza abantu.Ntukarebe neza urumuri rutangwa n'itara rya ultraviolet n'amaso yawe, kandi ugerageze kwirinda guhura n'uruhu.Birasabwa gukoresha ikarito agasanduku kugirango ukore agasanduku kamurika kugirango ugaragare.Niba ugaragaye mucyumba, nyamuneka wimure icyumba nyuma yo gucana itara.Uburebure bwibikorwa byo kumurika bifitanye isano nibintu byinshi nkimbaraga z itara nibikoresho bya "firime mbi".Mubisanzwe, iri hagati yiminota 1 na 20.Urashobora kuzimya itara buri gihe kugirango ugenzure.Niba hari itandukaniro rigaragara ryibara muri firime yifotora (aho ihura nurumuri ultraviolet) Ibara rihinduka umwijima, kandi ibara ahandi hantu ntirihinduka), noneho imurikagurisha rirashobora guhagarara.Nyuma yo guhishurwa guhagaritswe, biracyakenewe kubikwa mu mwijima kugeza ibikorwa byiterambere birangiye.
Tegura intumbero ya 2% yumuti wa sodium karubone, shyira umuringa wambaye umuringa wagaragaye laminate mugisubizo, utegereze akanya (hafi umunota 1), urashobora kubona ko firime yifotora yibice byamabara yumucyo itagaragara yashyizwe ahagaragara guhinduka umweru no kubyimba.Nta mpinduka nini zigeze zihinduka ahantu hijimye.Muri iki gihe, urashobora gukoresha ipamba kugirango uhanagure buhoro ibice bitateganijwe.Gutezimbere ninzira yingenzi cyane, ihwanye nintambwe yo kohereza amashyuza yo gukora PCB muburyo bwo kohereza amashyuza.Niba agace kadateganijwe kitakarabye neza (kidateye imbere), bizatera ruswa muri kariya gace;kandi niba Niba uduce twerekanwe twogejwe, PCB yakozwe izaba ituzuye.
Amajyambere amaze kurangira, urashobora kuva mucyumba cyumwijima muriki gihe ugakomeza munsi yumucyo usanzwe.Reba niba insinga z'igice cyerekanwe zuzuye.Niba ituzuye, irashobora kuzuzwa hamwe n'ikaramu ishingiye ku mavuta, kimwe n'uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe.
Ibikurikira ni ugusebanya, iyi ntambwe irasa neza nuburyo bwo guhererekanya amashyuza, nyamuneka reba hejuru.
Nyuma yo kwangirika kurangiye, demoulding irakorwa.Tegura igisubizo cya hydroxide ya sodium 2%, winjizemo laminate yumuringa, utegereze akanya, ibikoresho byerekana amafoto asigaye kuri laminate yumuringa bizahita bigwa.Icyitonderwa: Sodium hydroxide ni alkali ikomeye kandi yangirika cyane.Nyamuneka nyamuneka witonde mugihe ubikemura.Birasabwa kwambara uturindantoki turinda na gogles.Iyo bimaze gukora ku ruhu, nyamuneka kwoza amazi ako kanya.Hydroxide ya sodium ikomeye igomba kuba ifite imiterere ya hygroscopique, kandi izahita itanga iyo ihuye nikirere, nyamuneka ikomeze guhumeka neza.Sodium hydroxide yumuti irashobora kwitwara hamwe na dioxyde de carbone mukirere kugirango ikore karubone ya sodium, bizatera kunanirwa, nyamuneka iyitegure nonaha.
Nyuma yo kumanura, oza hydroxide ya sodium isigaye kuri PCB ukoresheje amazi, ureke yumuke hanyuma utere umwobo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-15-2023