Murakaza neza, abakunzi b'ikoranabuhanga hamwe n'abakunzi ba DIY! Uyu munsi, icyo twibandaho ku mbaho za PCB, ni ukuvuga imbaho zicapye. Ibi bice bito ariko byingenzi biri mumutima wibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoronike kandi bifite inshingano zo kugenzura imikorere yabyo. Waba uri injeniyeri wabigize umwuga cyangwa hobbyist, kumenya kugenzura ikibaho cya PCB ningirakamaro mugukemura ibibazo no kubungabunga ibikoresho byamashanyarazi. Noneho, reka twibire mu ntambwe zikenewe zo kugerageza no kwemeza ko PCB yizewe!
1. Kugenzura amashusho:
Intambwe yambere mugusuzuma PCB nugukora igenzura ryuzuye. Reba ikibaho cyumuzunguruko kubintu byose byangiritse, nka ruswa, ibice byahiye, cyangwa imiyoboro idahwitse. Reba ibimenyetso byo kumeneka cyangwa kwangirika, ibice bidahuye, cyangwa ibimenyetso byubushyuhe. Igenzura ryerekanwa rishobora gusa naho ryoroshye, ariko rirashobora gufasha kumenya neza ibibazo bishobora kuvuka.
2. Kugenzura ibice:
Nyuma yo kugenzura amashusho, komeza ugenzure buri kintu kiri ku kibaho cya PCB. Tangira urebe neza ko ibice byose byashizweho, bihujwe, kandi bigurishwa neza. Koresha multimeter kugirango upime ubukana nubukomezi bwa capacator, résistoriste, nibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi. Witondere byumwihariko ibice bishobora kuba byananirana, nka capacator zifite hejuru hejuru cyangwa izimya umuriro.
3. Imbaraga ku kizamini:
Igenzura ryerekanwa nibigenzurwa birangiye, igihe kirageze cyo gukora ikizamini cya power-on. Huza ikibaho cya PCB kumasoko yizewe ukurikije ibyo uwakoze akora. Kurikirana ikibaho cya mama kugirango ubone imyitwarire idasanzwe, nko gushyuha cyane, kunywa itabi, cyangwa guhagarika gitunguranye. Nyamuneka nyamuneka wirinde kudakora ku kintu icyo aricyo cyose mugihe ikibaho kirimo ingufu, kuko voltage nyinshi ishobora guteza akaga.
4. Ikizamini cyibimenyetso:
Usibye ibizamini bya power-on, ibimenyetso byoherejwe kandi byakiriwe nubuyobozi bwa PCB bigomba no kugenzurwa. Koresha oscilloscope kugirango ukurikirane ibimenyetso bisohoka hamwe na voltage urwego hanyuma ubigereranye nibisabwa bikenewe. Menya neza ko ikimenyetso gihamye nta kugoreka cyangwa guhindagurika. Iyi ntambwe irakomeye, cyane cyane mubibaho bigoye bya PCB aho ibice byinshi bikorana.
5. Ikizamini gikora:
Kugirango tumenye neza imikorere yubuyobozi bwa PCB, ni ngombwa gukora ibizamini bikora. Huza ikibaho nigikoresho gikwiye gikora, nka moteri cyangwa sensor. Reba neza ko inama ya PCB ikora neza imirimo yagenewe neza. Menya neza ko ibyinjira-bisohoka umubano ari ukuri kandi ko imikorere yose ikora nkuko byari byitezwe. Iyi ntambwe irashobora gusaba ibikoresho byinshi byateye imbere nka analyseur ya logique cyangwa generator ikora, bitewe nuburemere bwubuyobozi bwa PCB.
Twishimiye! Ukurikije intambwe zavuzwe haruguru, wize uburyo bwo kugenzura neza imikorere nimikorere yubuyobozi bwa PCB. Wibuke, kwipimisha neza nibyingenzi kugirango ibikoresho byawe bya elegitoronike bikore neza kandi byizewe. Niba hari ibibazo bivutse mugihe cyo kwipimisha, gusobanukirwa intandaro nintambwe yambere yo gukemura ikibazo. Mugihe habaye ibyangiritse cyane cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye, shakisha ubufasha bwumwuga kubuhanga bwa PCB cyangwa abatekinisiye basana ibikoresho. Komeza amatsiko, komeza wige, kandi wishimire igeragezwa rya PCB!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-22-2023