substrate ndi chiyani mu pcb

Mapulani osindikizira (PCBs) akhala mbali yofunika kwambiri ya luso lamakono, kupatsa mphamvu zipangizo zonse zamagetsi zomwe timadalira tsiku ndi tsiku.Ngakhale zigawo ndi ntchito za PCB zimadziwika bwino, pali chinthu chimodzi chovuta kwambiri chomwe nthawi zambiri chimanyalanyazidwa koma chofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwake: gawo lapansi.Mu positi iyi yabulogu, tiwona kuti gawo ili mu PCB ndi chifukwa chiyani limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.

Kodi gawo lapansi mu PCB ndi chiyani?

Magawo, omwe amadziwika kuti magawo a PCB kapena zida za board, ndiye maziko oyika zida zamagetsi za PCB.Ndiwopanda wosanjikiza womwe umapereka chithandizo chamapangidwe ndipo umakhala ngati chingwe chotchingira magetsi pakati pa zigawo zamkuwa pa bolodi yozungulira.Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga PCB ndi galasi fiber reinforced epoxy laminate, yomwe imadziwika kuti FR4.

Tanthauzo la zinthu zoyambira:

1. Thandizo lamakina:
Ntchito yayikulu ya gawo lapansi ndikupereka chithandizo chamakina pazinthu zosakhwima zoyikidwa pa bolodi.Imatsimikizira kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa PCB, kulola kuti ipirire kupsinjika kwakunja, kugwedezeka ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.Popanda gawo lapansi lolimba, kukhulupirika kwadongosolo kwa PCB kumatha kusokonezedwa, kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wautali wa chipangizo chamagetsi.

2. Kutsekereza magetsi:
Gawoli limakhala ngati chotchingira magetsi pakati pa zigawo zamkuwa zochititsa chidwi pa PCB.Amaletsa akabudula amagetsi ndi kusokoneza pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana ndi zizindikiro, zomwe zingayambitse kusagwira ntchito kapena kuwonongeka.Kuphatikiza apo, zida za dielectric za gawo lapansi zimathandizira kusunga umphumphu ndi mtundu wazizindikiro zamagetsi zomwe zikuyenda mkati mwa bolodi.

3. Kuchepetsa kutentha:
Zida zamagetsi zimatulutsa kutentha panthawi yogwira ntchito.Ma substrates amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pochotsa kutentha kutali ndi zigawo zake kuti zisungidwe bwino.Zida zina zapansi panthaka, monga ma PCB achitsulo kapena zoumba, zathandizira kutenthetsa, kulola kusamutsa kutentha koyenera komanso kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha kutentha kwambiri.

4. Kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro:
Zakuthupi za gawo lapansi zimakhudza kwambiri kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro cha PCB.Mwachitsanzo, kuwongolera kwa impedance kumatsimikizira kuyenda kosasinthasintha kwa ma siginecha apamwamba kwambiri popanda kuchepetsedwa.Kukhazikika kwa dielectric ndi kutayika kwa zinthu zapansi panthaka kumakhudza mawonekedwe amtundu wa impedance ndi kufalikira kwa mzere, pamapeto pake zimazindikira magwiridwe antchito ndi kudalirika kwa PCB.

Ngakhale gawo lapansi silingawonekere nthawi zonse, limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuchita, kulimba komanso kudalirika kwa bolodi losindikizidwa.Kufunika kwa gawo lapansi sikungathe kugogomezera, kuchokera pakupereka chithandizo chamagetsi ndi kudzipatula kwamagetsi kuti athetse kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kusunga kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro.Kumvetsetsa kufunikira kosankha zinthu zoyenera za gawo lapansi ndi katundu wake ndikofunikira kwa opanga PCB, opanga ndi okonda zamagetsi.Pomvetsetsa gawo la magawo, titha kuonetsetsa kuti chitukuko chikuyenda bwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakono zamakono komanso zogwira mtima m'tsogolomu.