Kuti mukwaniritse bwino ntchito zamagetsi zamagetsi, mapangidwe a zigawo ndi njira zamawaya ndizofunikira kwambiri.Kuti apange aPCBndi zabwino komanso zotsika mtengo.Mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:
kamangidwe
Choyamba, ganizirani kukula kwa PCB.Ngati kukula kwa PCB kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, mizere yosindikizidwa idzakhala yaitali, kusokoneza kudzawonjezeka, mphamvu yotsutsa phokoso idzachepa, ndipo mtengowo udzawonjezeka;ngati ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, kutentha kwa kutentha sikungakhale bwino, ndipo mizere yoyandikana nayo idzasokonezeka mosavuta.Pambuyo kudziwa kukula kwa PCB, kudziwa malo apadera zigawo zikuluzikulu.Potsirizira pake, malinga ndi gawo logwira ntchito la dera, zigawo zonse za dera zimayikidwa.
Pozindikira malo a zigawo zapadera, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuwonedwa:
① Kufupikitsa kulumikizana pakati pa zigawo zothamanga kwambiri momwe mungathere, ndikuyesera kuchepetsa magawo awo ogawa ndi kusokoneza kwamagetsi.Zigawo zomwe zimatha kusokoneza sizingakhale zoyandikana kwambiri, ndipo zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa ziyenera kusungidwa kutali momwe zingathere.
② Pakhoza kukhala kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zigawo zina kapena mawaya, ndipo mtunda wapakati pawo uyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti mupewe kuyendayenda kwachangu chifukwa cha kutulutsa.Zida zokhala ndi magetsi okwera ziyenera kukonzedwa m'malo omwe sapezeka mosavuta ndi manja panthawi yokonzanso.
③ Zigawo zolemera kuposa 15 g ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi mabulaketi ndikuwotcherera.Zigawo zomwe zimakhala zazikulu, zolemetsa, komanso zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwambiri siziyenera kuikidwa pa bolodi losindikizidwa, koma ziyenera kuikidwa pa mbale ya pansi pa chassis ya makina onse, ndipo vuto la kutaya kutentha liyenera kuganiziridwa.Zigawo zotentha ziyenera kusungidwa kutali ndi zigawo zotentha.
④ Pamapangidwe azinthu zosinthika monga ma potentiometers, ma coil osinthika, ma capacitor osinthika, ndi ma switch ang'onoang'ono, zofunikira zamakina onse ziyenera kuganiziridwa.Ngati zisinthidwa mkati mwa makina, ziyenera kuikidwa pa bolodi losindikizidwa kumene kuli koyenera kusintha;ngati isinthidwa kunja kwa makina, malo ake ayenera kusinthidwa kuti agwirizane ndi malo a knob yosinthira pa gulu la chassis.
Malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito a dera, poyala zigawo zonse za dera, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa:
① Konzani malo a gawo lililonse logwira ntchito molingana ndi kayendedwe ka dera, kuti masanjidwewo akhale osavuta kufalikira kwa ma siginecha, ndipo mayendedwe a siginecha azikhala osasinthasintha momwe angathere.
② Tengani zigawo zikuluzikulu za gawo lililonse logwira ntchito ngati likulu ndikupanga masanjidwe mozungulira.Zigawo ziyenera kukhala zofananira, mwaukhondo komanso molumikizana bwino pa PCB, kuchepetsa ndi kufupikitsa mayendedwe ndi kulumikizana pakati pa zigawo.
③ Kwa mabwalo omwe amagwira ntchito pafupipafupi kwambiri, magawo ogawa pakati pa zigawo ayenera kuganiziridwa.Kawirikawiri, dera liyenera kulinganiza zigawozo mofanana momwe zingathere.Mwa njira iyi, si zokongola zokha, komanso zosavuta kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwotcherera, komanso zosavuta kupanga misa.
④Zigawo zomwe zili m'mphepete mwa board board nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosachepera 2 mm kutali ndi m'mphepete mwa bolodi.Maonekedwe abwino kwambiri a bolodi lozungulira ndi rectangle.Chiyerekezo ndi 3:2 kapena 4:3.Pamene kukula kwa dera bolodi pamwamba ndi wamkulu kuposa 200 mm✖150 mm, mphamvu makina a bolodi dera ayenera kuganizira.
waya
Mfundo zake ndi izi:
① Mawaya omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polowera ndi kutulutsa amayenera kupewa kukhala moyandikana ndi kufanana wina ndi mnzake momwe angathere.Ndibwino kuwonjezera waya pansi pakati pa mizere kuti musagwirizane ndi mayankho.
② Kuchepa kochepa kwa waya wosindikizidwa wa board board kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi mphamvu yomatira pakati pa waya ndi gawo lapansi loteteza komanso mtengo womwe ukuyenda nawo.
Pamene makulidwe a zojambulazo zamkuwa ndi 0.05 mm ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi 1 mpaka 15 mm, kutentha sikudzakhala kwakukulu kuposa 3 ° C kupyolera mumakono a 2 A, kotero m'lifupi mwa waya ndi 1.5 mm kukwaniritsa zofunikira.Kwa mabwalo ophatikizika, makamaka mabwalo a digito, kutalika kwa waya wa 0.02-0.3 mm nthawi zambiri kumasankhidwa.Inde, momwe mungathere, gwiritsani ntchito mawaya akuluakulu, makamaka mawaya amphamvu ndi pansi.
Kutalikirana kochepa kwa ma kondakitala kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri pakati pa mizere ndi magetsi owonongeka.Kwa mabwalo ophatikizika, makamaka mabwalo a digito, bola ngati njirayo imalola, phula limatha kukhala laling'ono ngati 5-8 um.
③ Makona a mawaya osindikizidwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati arc, pomwe ma angles akumanja kapena ma angles ophatikizidwa amakhudza magwiridwe antchito amagetsi pamabwalo othamanga kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, yesetsani kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lalikulu la zojambulazo zamkuwa, apo ayi, mukatenthedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, zimakhala zosavuta kupangitsa kuti zojambulazo ziwonjezeke ndikugwa.Pamene dera lalikulu la zojambulazo zamkuwa liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a gridi, zomwe zimapindulitsa kuthetsa mpweya wosasunthika womwe umapangidwa ndi zomatira pakati pa zojambulazo zamkuwa ndi gawo lapansi likatenthedwa.
Pad
Bowo lapakati la pad ndilokulirapo pang'ono kuposa kukula kwa chipangizocho.Ngati pediyo ndi yayikulu kwambiri, ndizosavuta kupanga cholumikizira cholumikizira.M'mimba mwake D wa pad nthawi zambiri sachepera d+1.2 mm, pomwe d ndiye m'mimba mwake wa bowo lotsogolera.Kwa mabwalo apamwamba kwambiri a digito, kutalika kocheperako kwa pad kumatha kukhala d+1.0 mm.
Kusintha kwa mapulogalamu a PCB board
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-13-2023