Barka da zuwa ga cikakken jagorar mu don duba allon da'ira (PCBs) tare da multimeter.Ko kai mai sha'awar sha'awa ne, mai sha'awar kayan lantarki, ko ƙwararre, sanin yadda ake amfani da multimeter yadda ya kamata don gwada PCBs yana da mahimmanci don magance matsala da tabbatar da amincin ayyukan lantarki.A cikin wannan rukunin yanar gizon, za mu yi dalla-dalla matakan mataki-mataki don cikakken binciken PCB ta amfani da multimeter, yana ba ku ilimin don nuna kuskuren da yin gyare-gyaren da suka dace.
Koyi game da PCBs da abubuwan haɗin su:
Kafin nutsewa cikin tsarin, yana da mahimmanci a sami ainihin fahimtar PCB da abubuwan haɗin sa.PCB takarda ce mai lebur na kayan da ba ta da ƙarfi (yawanci fiberglass) wanda ke ba da tallafin injina da haɗin lantarki don kayan aikin lantarki daban-daban.Wadannan sassa, kamar resistors, capacitors, diodes, da hadedde da'irori, ana ɗora su akan PCB ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin da ake kira traces.
Mataki 1: Tabbatar an saita multimeter daidai:
Don fara duba PCB, saita multimeter zuwa saitunan da suka dace.Canja shi zuwa yanayin "Ohms" ko "Resistance", saboda wannan zai ba mu damar auna ci gaba da juriya a kan allo.Hakanan, daidaita saitin kewayon gwargwadon ƙimar juriya da ake tsammanin zaku ci karo dasu akan PCB.
Mataki 2: Duba Ci gaba:
Gwajin ci gaba yana taimakawa gano mutuncin burbushi da haɗin gwiwa a kan PCB.Da farko kashe wuta zuwa PCB.Na gaba, taɓa na'urar binciken baki da ja na multimeter zuwa wurare daban-daban guda biyu akan haɗin sawu ko siyarwar.Idan multimeter ya yi ƙara ko ya nuna juriya na sifili, yana nuna ci gaba, yana nuna kyakkyawar alama ko haɗi.Idan babu ƙararrawa ko karatun juriya, akwai buɗaɗɗen kewayawa ko mummunan haɗin da ke buƙatar gyara.
Mataki na 3: Gano gajeriyar kewayawa:
Gajerun kewayawa galibi sune masu laifin gazawar PCB.Don gane su, saita multimeter naka zuwa yanayin "diode".Taɓa binciken baƙar fata zuwa ƙasa, sannan a ɗan taɓa jan binciken zuwa wurare daban-daban akan PCB, musamman kusa da ICs da abubuwan da ke haifar da zafi.Idan multimeter yana karanta ƙananan ko ƙararrawa, yana nuna gajeriyar kewayawa wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin bincike da gyarawa.
Mataki 4: Auna Juriya:
Gwajin juriya yana taimakawa tantance amincin masu tsayayya akan PCB.Zaɓi kewayon da ya dace akan multimeter don ma'aunin juriya kuma taɓa tip ɗin bincike zuwa duka ƙarshen resistor.Amintaccen resistor yakamata ya ba da juriya a cikin juriyar da aka nuna ta lambar launi.Idan an kashe karatun sosai, ana iya buƙatar maye gurbin resistor.
Mataki na 5: Gwajin Capacitors:
Capacitors abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci waɗanda galibi suna fuskantar gazawa.Don tabbatar da aikinsa, saita multimeter zuwa yanayin "ƙara".Gano tabbataccen tashoshi masu kyau da mara kyau na capacitor kuma sanya na'urorin multimeter daidai da haka.Multimeter zai nuna darajar capacitance, wanda zaka iya kwatanta shi da karfin da aka yiwa alama akan bangaren.Mahimman ƙima daban-daban na iya nuna kuskuren capacitor.
Ta bin matakan da ke sama, zaku iya amfani da multimeter yadda ya kamata don bincika da gano matsalolin akan PCB.Ka tuna cewa haƙuri da mayar da hankali suna da mahimmanci yayin wannan tsari don tabbatar da ingantaccen sakamako kuma kauce wa ƙarin lalacewa.Ta hanyar gano kuskure daidai, za ku iya fara gyare-gyare tare da amincewa, sauƙaƙe ayyukan lantarki masu nasara da haɓaka ƙwarewar warware matsalar ku.Gwaji mai farin ciki da gyarawa!
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-31-2023